Investment Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Venture Plan - Assignment Example 2. Bookkeeping Rate of Return: Accounting Rate of Return depends on bookkeeping benefit. Bookkeeping Rate of Profit (ARR) can be characterized as the level of Average Annual Profit of an Investment to the Average Investment. Where, Normal Investment = (Initial venture + scrap esteem)/2 Advantages: By utilizing Profit figures, this procedure identifies with the arrival on capital utilized straightforwardly. The consequence of this count is in rate, which is effectively justifiable by most agents. Disadvantage: Here likewise it overlooks the time estimation of cash It utilizes the bookkeeping benefit as opposed to incomes. Incomes speak to strong control over assets, though Accounting benefits are exposed to the use of bookkeeping ideas. 3. Net Present Value: It is a limited income strategy for venture examination. It utilizes the strategy for limiting future incomes to its current qualities. The entirety of things to come incomes less the underlying venture gives the Net Present estimation of a Project. Advantages: Its fundamental quality is its acknowledgment of time estimation of cash. As it considers income for figuring, it isn't influenced by the bookkeeping approach of a specific organization. As it assesses the expenses of raising money, a positive NPV mirrors the expansion in investors' riches, which should be the fundamental thought of Project evaluation. Disadvantages: This is somewhat awkward procedure of computing the rebate rate with the idea of account accessible. It gives bring about supreme figures, and doesn't consider the size of the undertaking. 4. Interior Rate of Return: Internal Rate of Return is the markdown rate that gives a zero NPV....The total of things to come incomes less the underlying speculation gives the Net Present estimation of a Project. 4. Interior Rate of Return: Internal Rate of Return is the markdown rate that gives a zero NPV. The acknowledgment standards of this technique for evaluation are; IRR ought to be more noteworthy than the rebate rate on the assumption that a venture with higher IRR than the markdown rate produces better yields. Estimation of IRR is simpler as it doesn't require exact expense of capital rebate rate. To acknowledge an undertaking it is sufficient to see that the IRR adequately higher than the rough expense of capital. To summerize complex bookkeeping data into generally little no. of key markers proportions are utilized. This likewise makes examination simpler. As we are presently going to make examination between the exhibition of M/s Sukna and M/s Badra we ought to use the proportion investigation strategy. Generally proportions are arranged into five gatherings. We should investigate the proportions for which information is accessible with us. This is referred to as essential proportion as it goes to the core of what most private segment firms attempt to accomplish. This proportion gives the viability of the advantages financed both by investors and long haul leasers. This proportion ought to be as high as could be expected under the circumstances. Net Profit Margin = Gross Profit/Sales X 100%. This proportion doesn't give a reasonable picture however it can give some pattern.

Discretionary Power and Law of Negligence

Question: Talk about the Discretionary Power and Law of Negligence. Answer: Presentation: At the point when an individual submits a demonstration or makes an oversight because of carelessness of his part or that of his operators concerning an individual towards whom he has a legitimate obligation to mind he is said to submit the tort of carelessness (Barker 2016). There are four fundamental components which the court considers before choosing a tort of carelessness has been submitted or not. The prima faice component which the court considers if there should arise an occurrence of choosing a carelessness guarantee is the obligation of care owed by the individual towards someone else to whom the mischief has been caused (Mendelson 2014). At the point when the principal component is fulfilled the court thinks about that whether the obligation of care owed by the individual had been penetrated by him or not (Lamond 2014). On the off chance that it is discovered that the obligation of care had been break the court further examinations that such penetrate was the primary drive r of the mischief caused to the wronged individual or not. Upon the fulfillment of these components the court further thinks about the ideas of predictability, closeness and commitment of the litigant himself towards the mischief caused to him (Zipursky 2015). The milestone case which gave the fundamental components of the tort of carelessness is the English instance of Donoghue v Stevenson (1932) otherwise called the snail in bottle case. For this situation the respondent was a drink producer and the offended party was one of the customers of the refreshment. The offended parties had discovered a snail in one of the containers made by the litigants after utilization of thee refreshment at the base of the jug. The offended party sued the litigant for the tort of carelessness. The court for this situation gave the standard according to the obligation of care by expressing that one must take sensible consideration so as to keep away from oversights or acts which a sensible man can anticipate that would almost certainly make hurt another. The inquiry was who the someone else in this setting was. The court concerning this gave an individual who is legitimately or firmly influenced by the oversight or act and who were believed to be in thought of being influenced are the someone else. Along these lines for this situation the court maintained the case of the offended party as it found that the obligation of care owed by the litigant was penetrated. The idea of carelessness came to Australia from the instance of Grant v Australian Knitting Mills (1936). For this situation the court additionally talked about the idea of carelessness as gave by the past case. For this situation there was carelessness on part of the respondent by neglecting to expel sulphite from the underwear produced by them which therefore made a serious ailment the offended party. The court for this situation concluded that this disappointment by the respondent accounted to the break of obligation of care. On account of Albrighton v Royal Prince Alfred Hospital [1980] 2 NSWLR 542 the court decided that obligation of Care includes all safety measure which a sensible individual would have taken so as to stay away from the damage caused to the offended party. The causation component of the tort of carelessness are frequently inferred by the courts by utilizing the however for case gave by the instance of Barnett v Chelsea Kensington Hospital[1969] 1 QB 428. As per this test the court investigates that the injury would have been caused or not if the careless demonstration was not dedicated. On account of The Wagon Mound no 1[1961] AC 388 the court furnished with the idea of remoteness according to the tort of carelessness. The court for this situation decided that the litigant must be held obligated on the off chance that he has not played it safe as for a physical issue which could be anticipated by a sensible individual in comparable conditions. At the point when an individual contributes towards the mischief caused to his by a demonstration or exclusion by him this idea is known as contributory carelessness. The idea was given by then instance of Daniel v Anderson (1995) 16 ACSR 607. On account of Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd v Meneghello [2013] NSWCA 264 the intrigue court dismissed the preliminary courts choice and held the respondent not at risk as there no sensible consideration with respect to the offended party. Application As gave in the given situation Tamara is the client of Adli stores along these lines it very well may be broke down that the storekeeper has an obligation of care towards her. There is no uncertainty in this reality as a businessperson will undoubtedly have an obligation of keeping up security of the clients inside the shop premises. So as to examine whether the tort of carelessness has been submitted or not the penetrate of obligation of care must be investigated alongside the component of causation. Deciding the causation for this situation by the utilization of the however for test it very well may be investigated that the injury endured by Tamara would not have been caused if there was no spill on the floor of the shop. Tamara had slipped on the deck which had caused the damage endured by her. Notwithstanding, the primary component which must be viewed for this situation to decide the presence of the tort of carelessness is the penetrate of the obligation of care. A sensible individual for this situation would accept that if there is a frozen yogurt spill on the ground surface than any individual can fall on it and endure hurt. It was the obligation of the retailer to keep up an unmistakable deck so no individual in harmed. For this situation the activity of the retailer records to sensible safety measures as they cleaned the ground surface like clockwork. What's more Tamara was reckless in her interest to pick up her preferred chocolate and didn't see the spill on the deck which in the long run caused her mishap. Further applying the arrangements comparable to contributory carelessness for this situation it very well may be broke down that Tamara contributed towards the damage caused to her. End Therefore for this situation it very well may be dissected that the litigant had watched sensible consideration towards Tamara to whom he owed an obligation of care. Despite the fact that the component of causation was fulfilled Tamara would not have the option to guarantee effectively against Aldi general stores. References Albrighton v Royal Prince Alfred Hospital [1980] 2 NSWLR 542 Barker, K., 2016. Optional Power and the Law of Negligence-Public Power, Private Duty. Barnett v Chelsea Kensington Hospital[1969] 1 QB 428. Daniel v Anderson (1995) 16 ACSR 607 Lamond, G., 2014. Analogical thinking in the basic law.Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, p.gqu014. Mendelson, D., 2014.The new law of torts. Oxford University Press. The Wagon Mound no 1[1961] AC 388 Zipursky, B.C., 2015. Sensibility all through Negligence Law.University of Pennsylvania Law Review,163, p.2131.

17 Warnings Signs That Your Career Has Stalled

17 Warnings Signs That Your Career Has Stalled We’ve all experienced that moment in our professional lives when we started our jobs full of enthusiasm and hoped that eventually we would work our way up the ladder to develop new skills, get better opportunities, compensations, and perks, only to realize that nothing has changed.Some workers don’t mind that and like things to be just the way they are and working with the colleagues and bosses that they’ve known for years. But as human beings, we have unlimited wants and according to the law of diminishing returns, our interest in doing something over and over will gradually decline until there’s nothing left. So in regards to that, you’d naturally want more out of life.If you’re the kind of employee that puts in all of their hours along with additional contributions hoping for a change and aren’t getting it, then that is a sure sign that your career is at a standstill.In fact, we’ve made a list of all the warning signs indicating that your growth in the office has b een stunted and presented ways how you can prevent them from doing so.1.  YOUR JOB ISNT CHALLENGING ENOUGHAccording to an urban legend, so to speak, employees are only happiest when they’re being bestowed challenges equating to their skill levels. And when the levels to those challenges drop, so do the interest of the employees.Rona Borre, who is both the founder and CEO of Instant Alliance, which is a Chicago-based staffing agency, says that you’ll know that your career is beginning to wane when the requirements of your job don’t put your skills to the test.Borre says that the cure to this dilemma is to hunt for opportunities that challenge your abilities. This can either be in the form of attending online classes after office hours, taking up and contributing additional responsibilities or volunteering to work on an external project.2.  YOUR SKILLS ARE TOO STANDARDGiven the age that we live in and how computers are omnipresent in just about any field out there, listing “Mi crosoft Office” as a skill on your resume is just dipping-into-the cookie-jar-kind of tactic that even a child can pull off. And if you’re applying for a tech company while doing this, you can forget about ever getting on board, much less ask for a promotion.What you would want to do instead is list only the most advanced and specialized jobs that help you stand out from the generic group of potential candidates. Get busy probing job listings that require particular skills that are in line with yours and list as many of those as you can on your resume.3.  YOUR BOSS IS HOLDING BACK ON THEIR PROMISE Nothing is more beguiling and damaging to an employee’s morale than knowing that the promotion your employer promised you of after reaching a certain target, was no longer being offered.If this isn’t a certain sign that you’re being held back like career coach April Klimkiewicz, owner of Bliss Evolution, says we don’t know what else is.April emphasizes that the perfect exampl e of this is when a company tells you that they are watching your amazing performance in an important project and that they have a promotion waiting for you upon its completion.After completing the project, you are told by many that it was great and that there are numerous positive changes ahead for the company just based on your performance. Everything seems to be going your way just fine and you are excited about your promotion until you are told that no one said anything about a promotion.After hearing about that, you feel slightly betrayed but still a bit optimistic knowing that it might take time for the organization to arrange your compensation. So you wait a bit longer only to have much more time pass you by.At this point, your suspicions and doubts about the company taking advantage of you start escalating further, so you set up a time to speak with your employer to get to the bottom of this problem.If your bosses continue to push the promotion back after contributing more o f your services to them or just refused to promote you, it may as well be time for you to look for an alternative company who not only value your skills and services but also deliver their promises right there and then.4.  YOURE NO LONGER GROWINGIt’s one thing to know that your bosses are dragging your skills along the way without rewarding you for it, but if you’re not growing simply because you’re not making an effort to expand your repertoire with new skills and expertise, then you have no one to blame for that except yourself.You can’t expect to say that you’re being held back if you’re not making an effort to show your company that you can handle other responsibilities.So to fix this, make time to look into the skills that are needed in the job that you really want and start learning and practicing them.Whether it involves reading books, attending conferences, taking up online courses or tutorials, it will be more beneficial for you in the long run, especially if yo u can persuade your company with your new skills.5. YOURE NO LONGER GETTING HIGH-PROFILE TASKS AS YOU ONCE DIDRemember the time your supervisors used to offer you a cut of the bigger projects and now they don’t?If you don’t know about it know, you may eventually come to realize that you’re slowly losing the opportunities you were promised and that your colleagues are the ones who are making the cut. And when that happens, you’ll know for a fact that you’re going nowhere in the proverbial corporate ladder.Laura Small, who operates the Santa Monica-based ad agency RPA, says that your supervisor may assume that you’re already working at a very high level and if you aren’t getting high-profile assignments, it may be because you’re not where you need to be.So instead, you should start coming up with your own reach projects as Laura suggests. By coming up with something that is of value to the company, you will not only showcase what you can do with your current skill set but also what you capable of accomplishing in the future.6. YOURE DEALING WITH BLOCKERS There are times when you have to deal with people who are just too stubborn to acknowledge the work you do for them and which you may have little or no control over.The blocker could be your boss, and if they’re not willing to change, don’t expect any change for yourself either. Sometimes, the blocker can also be the founder or CEO.Whatever the case may be, the point is to identify these blockers and contemplate whether you wish to stay put and wait for them to be removed (if possible), or just take your ball and look for other places and opportunities where your growth isn’t hitting a plateau.7. THE INDUSTRY IS THE PROBLEMIn some circumstances, employees have no responsibility or control of their careers being stalled. A common example of this is when an industry is going through a stagnant season, or perhaps, it is experiencing a steep decline.When it comes to situations such as these, yo ur options are pretty much limited, says Alex Robinson, general manager of Team Building Hero. Robinson elaborates that certain businesses hit their peak when the market is small or that it’s already saturated with competition.And when this happens, the company is incapable of growing itself, or more specifically, providing employees with growth opportunities.At this point, you have two options: you can either stay and become the beacon of hope for your company or seek out a faster-growing company, even if it could be in another industry.8.  YOU DO NOT REFLECT THE COMPANY CULTUREThere may be times when you’re career can’t get past the roadblock because you’re incompatible with the culture of the company you’re in. It could be that you’re either too laid back (or not enough) to fit in with a company.Or maybe you don’t acknowledge the wrong in constructive criticism and the rest are all just nonsensical yes men.The only obvious course of action with a company like that i s to look for another whose culture doesn’t mind your character or traits. It may also be that you don’t fit in at work because you’re just not happy there at all.9.  YOUR TEAM ISNT WORKING TOGETHER TO MEET THEIR GOALSJohn Hillen, co-author of What Happens Now? Reinvent Yourself as a Leader Before Your Business Outruns You, says that after a team’s successful accomplishment, they begin to act like freelancers who are only concerned with their own departments and don’t agree on priorities or strategies.John goes on to say that the single most critical factor in a high-performing team’s success involves having a shared understanding of why they exist, what they’re trying to accomplish and how well they work together.Hillen suggests that to bump out this problem, you and your teammates must hold frequent meetings or off-sites to produce team-enlightenment. Try to create team ‘rules of engagement’ and have each team member (including you) accountable for those rules. B e sure to be overt about the culture that binds the team together.10.  YOURE NOT NETWORKINGGetting ahead in a company involves talking to the right people, which also involves having them know about you.This involves networking with both the people of your company and those outside of it. Use the extra time other than the one you invest in your daily responsibilities to get to know the people around you.Learn whatever you can about them and ask if they need any assistance on what they’re doing. Establish relationships with those people along the way so that when the time finally comes for that long-awaited promotion, they will be able to recognize your name when they get ahold of your resume.11.  YOU DONT WANT TO GET BETTERThis problem could be a mix of more than one factor. If your career is being stalled because you don’t want to take on new challenges for yourself that can help you advance further up the ladder, something much deeper must be involved.Dr. Andrew Selepak, who i s a professor in the Department of Telecommunications at the University of Florida, says that your career stalling is simply a matter of motivation.He adds that it is always better to look for new ways to do your job better and look for something new to do as well. This usually means learning more and trying to keep up with new things.Nobody wants to be laid back in what they do and keep themselves from getting better at what they already good at.12.  YOURE PASSIVESometimes you can’t get ahead in your career because no one in the company knows that you want to. You did not make an effort to get out of your comfort zone and ask for a promotion, a pay bump or anything else.Don’t just wait for the promotion or raise to fall into your lap, especially if your company keeps track of more than one employee, task or project.Being patient and wanting to prove yourself in the beginning stages is one thing, but it’s never a good idea to just sit back and wait for something to happen when things aren’t going anywhere. Don’t hesitate to let your boss know that you want to move up. Many, if not all companies want their employees to better themselves, even if it helps moves the company’s overall level of production up just a bit.13.  YOU HATE YOUR WORKYes, there are times when we seriously question “What am I even doing here?” If you’re not at all engaged with what you’re doing or passionate about it, then there is no hope of you getting ahead in your career.And if that’s the kind of mentality that always comes to mind whenever you go to work, then there’s no other solution but walking of the company or thinking long and hard about a career change.Or if you feel like it, you could pinpoint the parts of your job that you like and those you loathe. Perhaps there is a related area that is more to your liking. Try seeing if it’s possible to shift your job responsibilities, otherwise, you should think about getting a new line of work.14.  YOURE BECOMING IRRELEVANT DUE TO A MERGERCompany buyouts or relocations are unfortunate but that’s only because the company failed to reach their target goals or profits consistently for months. If and when that is the case, then you best be prepared for such an event.Patrick Holder, a talent acquisition manager at business management consultants Candid Partners, says that you have to be on the lookout for when a company goes through a merger or acquisition, moves its location to another town or state or just goes into a direction that you won’t be a part of.James Stanger, chief technology evangelist for CompTIA, says that even valued employees end up getting replaced because the dominant company has similar workers. If you’re not satisfied with your current gig, then think of ways that will bring you more happiness.Try focusing on developing skills that your business needs, even if incorporating them into your current skill set would take some time.But as long as you set a goal that is in l ine with your business and take baby steps toward it, you’ll actually be surprised at how fast you can come to a fantastic place.15.  YOURE NOT WILLING TO SWITCH COMPANIESWe discussed earlier how you should consider making a career change if and when there is no hope of you advancing upwards. But there are times we get stuck in one company because there are no other alternatives or because we just like the position we have and are not willing to switch companies anytime soon.Still, if you ever change your mind, just know that there are options especially if the job you’re qualified for has a large market to it.16.  YOUR PERFORMANCE IS DETERIORATINGNot improving at your job is another reason your career is where it is still. It’s just common sense. If your performance hasn’t changed in the last year or so, then why would your employer even bother to promote you? You may choose to keep the status quo if you’re alright with it, but it’s not going to get you ahead in your co mpany.Look for ways where you can improve the performance of your job. But don’t overcommit to work on a daily basis or keep yourself from taking a vacation. All you have to do, is focus on the areas where you’re already good at and magnify your performance around those.17.  YOU FOCUS TOO MUCH ON YOURSELFKeep in mind that the most successful executives around the world are team players, so if you also want to acquire that position, then you have to be one yourself.It’s time to stop focusing on how you can get ahead and leave everyone else out in the dust, when you should be focusing on helping your team reach its goal.

Consumer preferences of small car in India - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 16 Words: 4949 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of factors that influence consumer buying behavior in cars. Specifically, we considered a number of internal factors that influence consumer behavior including perception, motivation and learning. How a consumers attitude, which is a lasting evaluation of a person, object, or issue, can affect what they buy also examined. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Consumer preferences of small car in India" essay for you Create order Reviewed other factors that influence consumer purchasing decisions and buying behavior including personal, social, and situational issues. The personal influences on consumers are important determinants of their needs and wants. Such factors as age, income, family status, and chosen lifestyle are strongly related to the types of products people buy and the specific brands they select. Examined the stages of the consumer decision-making process for buying a car: problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives between different brands of cars, product choice and post purchase evaluation with respect to after sales service, customer relationship, and resale value of the car. Also addressed the impact of the amount of effort expended and of perceived risk; factors associated with relative importance and perceived consequences of the purchase, from the consumers perspective. 1.1 The Decisional Factors Buyer decision processes are the decision making processes undertaken by consumers in regard to a potential market transaction before, during, and after the purchase of a product or service. Consumers have to make different kinds of decisions everyday according to their different needs. Some of the decisions are playing critical roles in consumers daily life, for example, purchasing a new home or purchasing a car, whereas some times the decisions are made on a virtually automatic basis. There are not a lot published research articles available on the decision-framing process. Puto, C. proposed a conceptual model of the buying decision framing process. This model focuses on the information search phase which includes two reference points: an initial which is internal to the company-expectations and buying objectives, and a final one that takes into account the sales message and justification/reward of the offer. These two stages lead to the final choice. Burt and Babin deve loped a model, see FigureThis model is in line with previous one but gives an emphasis on an evaluation phase in the process. This model includes five stages: problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decisions, and outcomes. Locational Marketing mix is used to reinforce the advantages of the car carefully reflecting its core values and positioning. It confirms how and why it will be of interest to various segments of the car-buying public. Influences on the Consumer Purchase Decision Process Marketing mix influences Product Price Promotion Place Psychological Influences Motivation Personality Perception Learning Values, beliefs Lifestyle. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Price Reflecting the Positioning Strategy The company should have a clear understanding of its key target market for e.g. (Young people and other price-conscious car buyers) for small car segment and should design-pricing strategies to best address their needs and the positioning of the car. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Promotion Communicating Publicity in the form of motoring reviews and test drives are critical to the success of a trade launch as this activity should generate sufficient consumer curiosity and interest in the new models. By getting potential car buyers to test drive a car, product usage increases. This has a knock on effect to car sales. The primary above the line medium used to promote and communicate a new car is through advertising. The choice of TV and outdoor advertising makes perfect marketing sense. Socio-Cultural Influences like the cultural influences ,caste setup and hierarchies, sex role playing also laterally or directly influences th e final decision The consumers behaviour is also influenced by (other) social factors as the reference groups , family , social rules and statuses A buyers decisions are also strongly influenced by personal characteristics, like: Age and Life-cycle Stage Occupation or Profession Economic Situation Lifestyle 1.2 Research Purpose To study how internal and external factors influence middle class consumers decision-making processes for buying an entry level car. To study the repurchase, purchase, and post purchase activities consumers engage in when making decisions of purchasing a new car. Understand how situational factors can influence consumer behaviour. Describe how consumers relationships with other people and sources influence their decision-making processes. Primary Objective: To study the buying process and associated behaviors in entry level cars and the perception Indian brands versus Global brands in the minds of the Indian class conscious consumers. Secondary Objective: Evaluate the passenger car segment and assess visible changes that have taken place over the years. Buying behavior with respect to the passenger car segment. 1.3 Scope of the Study At the end of the study , the following aspects would be Covered: Understand how consumer find any visible differences in the global vs Indian brands. How does it effect buying decisions? Influence of the dealers if any in the final decision making process. Environmental influence if any. Extent of availability of alternatives-CSD, Second Hand Cars Market -and their resultant influence of decision making process altogether CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Understanding the automotive purchase process is crucial for automotive manufacturers and dealers. Huge amount of information available to consumers require manufacturers and dealers to understand consumer decision-making and the modes of influence which can affect consumer new car purchasing. Kotler et al. describes the customer buying behaviour as the buying behaviour of the final customers who purchase goods and services for personal consumption. A company get great advantages by understanding how customers respond to marketing stimuli that include the four Ps: product, price, place and promotion. Other stimuli in the customers environment such as economic, technological, political and cultural also affect all customers buying decision. All these stimuli enter the buyers black box where they, through the buyer decision process, are turned into a set of buyer responses. A consumer behavior model, Wheel of Consumer Analysis, was created by J. Paul Peter and Jerry C. Olson (1994) as a basis for explaining car buying behavior. According to the American Marketing Association, consumer behavior is defined as the dynamic interaction of affect and cognition, behavior, and environmental events by which human beings conduct the exchange aspects of their lives. Marketers can analyse consumer behavior situation according to the three elements using the Wheel of Consumer Analysis the environment, behavior, and affect/cognition . However, because these three factors interact and influence each other, no one factor can be isolated from the other. Parenthood changes the area of responsibility whereby parents are expected to use their power in the interests of their infant, not themselves . The children are used in literature and films to symbolise a lessening in materialistic tendencies of parents, and the authors proceed to show that there are differences between the materialism levels of parents (lower) and non-parents (higher). Many researches h ave been done on the consumer buying process and associated behaviour but the study done by Valerie S. Folkes (from The University of Southern California) actually helped to discover the new meaning of the buying behaviour. He concluded, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ It is the interaction of the situation and the individual that leads to behavior. The study of consumer behavior is justified as a separate domain of inquiry because when situational cues lead people to perceive themselves as customers, they then interpret the world differently than when they do not perceive themselves as customers, and that influences their behaviorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . A study conducted by Evan Hirsh, Steve Hedlund Mark Schweiger in 2001 about the perception of the brands, which concludes that in the absence of a strong brand, price is the only plausible way to affect near-term demand. Hence, curtailing incentives in an effort to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“build brandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  is not likely an economically viable opt ion. Many manufacturers have made brand positioning and development a key item on their marketing agenda. Yet brands are not the product of manufacturers marketing efforts. Instead, consumers base their understanding of an automotive brands value on their accumulated experience with that brands products. If you want to change the Brand, change the products for the better. The research conducted on the buying behaviour of cars and what role does the brand play in it by Sankar Radhakrishnan in June 2001 was a great help for conducting survey on the consumer behaviour for buying cars with relation to the perception of brands. A thought provoking point thrown up by the survey was the view that advertising does not have any impact on the choice of a particular brand by the prospective buyer. Buying a new car often set in motion by emotional need-based factors. The study found that the more rational reasons for buying a car are frequently sparked off by the psychological benefit s that owning a car bring. Emotions also work throughout the purchase process, right down to the choice of the brand. The study found that both rational and emotional factors trigger the decision to buy a car and also operate throughout the purchase process. The study drives home a point that branding is here to stay. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“This is especially true of the category such as cars, where it is often difficult to distinguish between the competing models on purely technical or functional parameters. The brand thus becomes the most meaningful differentiator and a safe choiceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . While the functional parameters do trigger the decision to purchase a car and also operate through the purchase process. Many researches have been done on the consumer buying behaviour but the study done by Valerie S. Folkes (from The University of Southern California) actually helped to discover the new meaning of the buying behaviour. He concluded, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ It is the inter action of the situation and the individual that leads to behavior. The study of consumer behavior is justified as a separate domain of inquiry because when situational cues lead people to perceive themselves as customers, they then interpret the world differently than when they do not perceive themselves as customers, and that influences their behaviorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . A study conducted by Evan Hirsh, Steve Hedlund Mark Schweiger in 2001 about the perception of the brands, which concludes that in the absence of a strong brand, price is the only plausible way to affect near-term demand. Hence, curtailing incentives in an effort to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“build brandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  is not likely an economically viable option. Many manufacturers have made brand positioning and development a key item on their marketing agenda. Yet brands are not the product of manufacturers marketing efforts. Instead, consumers base their understanding of an automotive brands value on their accumulated ex perience with that brands products. If you want to change the Brand, change the products for the better. All these points were found very useful from the marketers perspective to improve the image of the brand in the minds of the consumers. Since brand form an important attribute for the decision making of a high involvement product like a car. The ethical and non-ethical practices in marketing are under exercise also . Marketing practice is now busy integrating the potential of information and communication technologies through the utilization of databases and Internet marketing. Billions of potential consumers can now be reached this way. Singhapakdi (1999) showed that marketing managers who perceive an ethical problem in a situation are more likely to have an ethical intention. Hence, we suggest that marketing professionals engage in more thought and reflect on their marketing practices on the Internet. This could lead to a greater consciousness and hence to the develop ment of more ethical intentions and practices. The question of adopting an ethical marketing behavior does not only boil down to providing a firms policy concerning information privacy, it should also be demonstrated in marketing actions. According to Cherrier (2005) there are two ways to view ethical consumption: Conservative and liberal. According to the conservative view consumers need to obey a prescriptive set of ethical norms in order to consume ethically. As the number of marketing messages increases, the more difficult it is to reach out with the intended marketing message. The cluttered marketing environment and the continuous exposure of marketing communication are challenging for marketers. (Rosengren, 2008) Consumer perception and purchase of fair trade products have been a topic of intrigue for researchers for a long time, because of the complexities involved in accurately measuring why and how consumers go for ethical goods. Previous research has attributed the fair trade concept to be of interest to only a small group of usually ethically minded consumers, and recently to more highly educated high income women. Demographics also played a great part in the ethical purchases of consumers, with research from Littrell and Dickson (1999) that fair-trade buyers were demographically homogeneous and consisted of highly educated, well-off women in their forties, with a large portion being teachers, health professionals and social workers. Forte Lamont (1998) found out that there is an increase in purchases based on a companys role in the society, with consumers more likely to purchase from a company that is actively involved in social activities in their communities than those which are not. Social responsibility and ethical purchase is not the dominant issue in consumer purchase decision (Boulstridge Carrigan, 2000) cited in Pelsmacker et al (2005) as most consumers do not carry out what they say they will do during answering rese arch questions. According to Boulstridge and Carrigan, (2000) consumers are expecting that companies have high ethical behaviour and are willing to pay more for products produced by companies with high ethical behaviour. However, products produced from companies that are unethical are still bought, but they are expected to be cheap. The consumers way of retribution against unethical companies are through decreased willingness to pay high prices. Another aspect is how the businees ethics affect business relationships. According to Zineldin (2000) long-term relationships are built on ethical and moral understanding which is crucial for mutal benefits and a rewarding relationship. Furthermore, the importance of business ethics is determined by consumers interest in a just and good society. Making the decision regarding an automobile in not at all different .It vibrates on the same platform and requires similar decisional inputs before the consumer arrives at the final word. The National Surveys Tata Motor s Nano has been ranked last among entry level small cars in terms of customer satisfaction, according to market research firm TNS. In the 2010 four-wheeler Total Customer Satisfaction (TCS) study by TNS Automotive, Maruti Suzuki Indias (MSI) best selling model Alto topped the entry level small car category. Omni and the once bread-and-butter model M800 followed the list. The customer expectations even at the bottom end are rising. The owners of Tata Nano expect more in terms of design and Maruti 800 owners expect better servicing as the years go by. Nano has been having issues following fire incidents with six reported cases since its launch in 2009. Tata Motors had offered to provide additional safety measures free of cost as a precautionary measure, although it claimed that the Nano is absolutely safe. The study pointed out that car owners in Northern India are relatively less satisfied compared to those in other parts of the country, primarily because of after sales services as the age of the car grows.Apart from the entry level compact car segment, MSIs Zen Estilo and A-Star jointly topped the premium compact car category in customer satisfaction. The survey covered 9,300 car buyers, opting for 56 models. In interviews, companies identified two critical issues for the growth of the small car market: Affordability Credit: In Indian terms even small cars are costly the average small car costs around 12 times average annual disposable income. Small, fuel efficient cars will remain the main market .It is not only a matter of the cost of the vehicle in the showroom, it is also the total cost of ownership. But what is changing is that vehicle demand used to be driven by government, by institutions and private companies now it is being driven by private, middle-class consumer demand. And for this set of consumers, affordability is the key issue. The financing and taxation will continue to shape the market for larger cars. The medium segment is still dominated by company cars, the sort of thing that medium- to high-level managers get. Either companies buy fleets, or they offer employees finance. And in this segment a lot will depend on whether there are new fringe benefit taxes. Attitudes: Indians are savers, they are frugal, they are cost conscious, and they are very driven by value for money . Most companies believe that this means that medium sized cars will remain hard to sell in volume but that despite the conservatism of consumers, attitude changes will drive small car sales. There is a huge social shift in India . People are coming from rural areas to the cities, two-wheelers are giving way to four wheelers, and as a result the very small 800-1000 cc car market is going to grow very fast. Plus we are moving to an era of dual incomes, husband and wife both working, and we are also seeing new concerns about two-wheeler safety that support small car sales. A growing percentage of vehicles in the Indian market will run on alternative fuels Crisil Research said the Nano price point would see a 65 per cent increase in the number of families that can afford a car. However, it forecast that at the significantly redefined threshold for car ownership in India, annual car sales have the potential to increase by 20 per cent over 2007-08. Indias entry-level car market is estimated at 400,000 units a year, primarily consisting of Maruti-Suzukis 800 and Alto and some base models of the Hyundai Santro and Marutis Wagon-R, cars that are priced below Rs 300,000 to Rs 3,50,000 on the road. The Nano, which is expected to hit the market in September/October 2008, will be priced at roughly Rs 1,30,000 (Rs 100,000 excluding VAT and transport costs), promising to be the worlds cheapest car. Several other manufacturers Bajaj Auto ,Ford and Honda among them also plan entry-level car launches, but they are unlikely to be at price points as l ow as the Nano. The immediate potential demand for a car at 1.6 million units is based on non-car owner respondents who were asked whether they were aspiring to buy a car any car in the next 12 months. The survey had a sample size of 1 million households, extrapolated to 215.9 million households in India with at least one earner. The survey analysis suggests that the potential buyers of cars are households with an annual income of Rs 200,000 and above that do not own a car. The analysis considers all households that can afford a small car and do not currently own a single car. According to the survey, which had a sample size of nearly a million households, over 12.88 million households out of the 19 million households with annual income above Rs 200,000 currently do not own a car (either new or second hand). In the case of households with annual income between Rs 1,50,000 and Rs 200,000, there are 10 million households that own a two-wheeler, but do not currently have a car. The survey shows nearly 55 per cent of the 1.6 million demand is expected from rural India and smaller towns, with the near-term demand from the six super metros estimated at 0.25 million. Within this, as many as 0.8 million non-car households, who were planning to buy only a two-wheeler may now aspire for a car due to the lower price point for a car like the Nano. If one were to assume that no household, with annual income above Rs 500,000 would buy a small car, the near-term demand estimate is still very high at over 1.26 million units. CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research design and method Research Method The study will be divided into three parts: The desk research The field research Report writing The desk research will comprise of evaluating the secondary data to assess the following: Understanding the overall passenger car market. Assess the visible changes that have taken place in the market. Evaluate the current trends in the buyer behavior. Understand the current consumer approaches towards global vs Indian brands. The field research will be re-validation of the findings of the secondary data findings and to achieve the primary objective. Method of data collection: Structured disguised questionnaire will be developed to understand the consumer perception of global vs Indian brands. Sampling: Sample Profile: This will a mix of dealers and prospective consumers of car, selected through the simple random sampling. For the dealer it will be stratified sampling selection technique used. Sample Size : Dealers 10 , Consumers 50 Sampling Technique: Simple random sampling for the consumer and stratified sampling for the dealers. Limitations of the Study Sample size is not large enough to obtain absolute results. Variability may exits. The study is based on the findings of single city only i.e.the Mumbai city only. The research is restricted to the mini cars segment only. The genuineness of data may be questioned . 3.2 Data Method of data collection: Structured disguised questionnaire will be developed to understand the consumer perception of global vs Indian brands. Sampling: This will a mix of dealers and prospective consumers of car, selected through the simple random sampling. The fieldwork would be undertaken with the structured disguised questionnaire to understand the middle class consumers perception of global Vs Indian brands. The Sample Profile comprises of dealers and prospective class conscious consumers of car, selected through the simple random sampling. For the dealer will be stratified sampling selection technique used a sample size of 10. The sample size of consumers comprises of 50. CHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS Car purchasing decision is an important decision for most of India young consumers. More than half of respondents made their decision from initial decision to buy to placing the order between two weeks to three months. People get information from different channels, car sales staff, Internet, family/friend word of mouth, car shows etc. From this survey, we find out that with the rapid development of Internet, a lot of consumers start to use Internet to get car information (Internet has become 2nd most used channel to get information and is just behind dealer staff in our study). The Internet is usually the first place for young consumers to go when they want to buy a car; their next step maybe take place in the showroom, then followed by a test drive. The fieldwork is undertaken with the structured disguised questionnaire to understand the consumer perception of global Vs Indian brands. The Sample Profile comprises of dealers and prospective consumers of car, selected t hrough the simple random sampling. For the dealer it will be stratified sampling selection technique used fir a sample size of 10. The sample size of consumers comprises of 50. Simple random sampling is used for the consumer and stratified sampling for the dealers. The age group of the sample profile is depicted in the Diagram1. The diagram reflects the 20-30 years age group comprises 43% of the sample. The diagram 2 reflects the monthly income of the customers surveyed. It shows most of the customers earn monthly income less than Rs. 25,000. By Diag.3 it is found that out 50% of the respondents have more than 2 cars. From Diag.4 5, In Mini-sized car segment, Hundai Santro is owned by maximum respondents followed by Fiat Palio and Maruti Zen. In Mid-sized segment, Hundai Accent is owned by maximum respondents followed by Honda City and Maruti Esteem. Mini-Segment Cars Mid-segment Cars Consider the following Parameters for their Purchase of Cars: Diagrams 6-13 depict the parameters that people consider to purchase a new car. Out of the total respondents surveyed, 45% of the people highly agree, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“BRANDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  as parameter; 50% as STYLE, 58% as MILAGE, 44% as SPACE, 26% as comfort, 54 % as CREDIT SCHEMES, 54% as COLOUR, 34% as accessories. Diagram 14 reflects the respondents need to buy a new car. 48% of the respondents said they would buy a new car as their family size is increased, 46% to upgrade for a better car, and only 6% were first time buyers. Diagrams 15-18 In the mini-segment car companies maximum customers are highly satisfied with the good dealer coverage and the facilities in the outlet of Maruti Udyog. Secondly, most of the customers consider that Hyundai Motors (Korean Company) has emerged to be the No. 1 brand today and with maximum customers being highly satisfied with its after sales service. Tata Motors image and brand is deteriorating. Fiat India is doing average in all aspects CHAPTER 5 FINDINGS 5.1 Implications As the younger people get of buying age, consumers will spend more time on Internet and purchase more and more products by Internet, including cars, therefore, car manufacturers and retail dealers should think about how they should do in the different decision making phases in the e-world and should try to work closely with automotive Internet companies and increase its budgets on Internet advertising and marketing. In the needs recognition phase, car manufacturers may use banner advertising, sponsorships and interstitials which could expose customers to products and services. In addition, car manufacturers and dealers may design some online surveys to get to know what customers really need/want for the cars; In the information search phase, car manufacturers and dealers may provide some online queries which could answer consumers questions and provide useful information for consumers decision making; In the evaluation of alternatives stage, consumers may use community marketing, customer feedback, message boards, customer reviews and blogs/MSN spaces to help customers though the evaluation process toward their final purchasing goal. In the purchase phase, car manufacturers could use gift registries, email marketing and online dialogue functionality to help consumers make final purchase or even additional purchases. In the post-purchase phase, auto makers and retailers may regularly check the positive or negative comments and feedbacks posted on some websites forums by some users. 5.2 The Conclusions On the basis of analysing secondary and primary data, the following recommendations are made with respect to the consumer behaviour of passenger car segment in SAS Nagar: As the age group 20-30 years comprises the major chunk in the sample size, it is strongly recommended to target this segment and design advertising strategy to attract this segment. The most suitable model for this segment would be Mini-size car, considering the quantum of savings and purchasing power. As the most of customers falling in the incomes of less than Rs.25, 000 per month, it is recommended to focus on financing schemes to attract this segment.It is observed that the accelerating growth of Hundai models, viz. Santro and Accent is because of innovations in technology and design coupled with aggressive advertising. It has affected the recalling of Maruti models. It is recommended that Maruti should focus on innovation in design. As for as advertising is concerned, customer is aware of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ ËÅ"Maruti brand, but he/she is looking for a change in design. The other brands like Fiat, Honda, still focusing on premium positioning and once the brand is established they may come out with competitive pricing with various models. For any car manufacturer, it has become essential to focus on enhancing brand image. Almost 50% of the customers feel Brand as an important parameter. As mentioned earlier, Innovation in Design should be parallel focus as brand is recognized by the style and design of the model. Considering the income levels of middle and higher middles segment, customer is very much considered the mileage aspect of the car. Much R D is recommended to provide fuel efficiency in the model, which can be projected as advantage over competitors. Cosmetic parameters color, space should be incorporated in the designing of the model. It is observed that customer is more willing to buy a new car than going for seconds. So Car manufacturers may launch exchange sc hemes and offers to push the new models in the market. We can also conclude that the internationality of the brands does have an effect on the purchase decision of the car in the minds of the consumers. As we had already seen that the foreign brands like Hyundai, Honda, Fiat, are doing really well due to their excellence in the product quality, technology, features, price etc. All these attributes does play a very important role in comparison with the local brands like Maruti Suzuki , Tata Motors etc. whose share in the market is declining day by day. Car market in is growing consistently and the flood of new models, aggressive advertising, coupled with competitive pricing and various finance options, customer is very much positive to own a four-wheeler. Observing the recommendations, it may be concluded that car manufacturers already moving the gear to motivate customer with attractive advertising and positioning, and innovations in scheme designing, tie-ups with vario us auto loan providers has ignited the growth fuel and the pricing game has started in the market. So the customer has more choices at competitive prices. So with more car brands set to enter the country, and existing players planning to launch new models, the options available to the prospective buyer are going to increase. However, taking a decision on which model to buy is also going to get more challenging. For the Indian car buyer its perhaps time to get more market savvy. For the prospects of the Indian Car market, the introduction of low priced cars is critical. With the low-priced cars it is possible that the growth of the market will accelerate, as the drop in the car prices may make cars more affordable and increase the number of first time buyers. In addition, low-priced cars may satisfy demand for the second cars for households in the wealthy and upper middle classes. 5.3 Suggestions for future research The current study uses the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“convenience sampleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , so probably it is not representative from a statistical point of view, so for future study, if with more time and budget, future researchers may take random sampling that each member of that population has an equal probability of being selected

Henry A. Murray Personology - 1969 Words

Henry A. Murray: Personology Personology is the science of people. It is used to interpret and organize the lives of humans. The central ideas of the science must be to understanding of what we mean by the concept person, and for development of methods of understanding the lives of persons as the long unit for psychology (Barresi Juckes 1988 pg 1). It is important to take accounts when studying personology from first person perspective instead of a third person perspective. Henry A. Murray believed that personality psychology had to deal with the life course of person and came up with the word personology (Barresi Juckes 1988). He developed the phrase because he felt that personality psychology was an unwieldy phrase.†¦show more content†¦It has a selfish instinct, an acceptable instinct such as a need for love, achievement, and to be nurtured, and tension reduction is pleasurable. The Ego has defensive functions. It also has promoted expressions of acceptable impulses. Some of the ego functioning ca n be conflict free. The Superego has more emphasis on the Ego-Ideal. The natural tendency of the superego is to get the maximum gratification with minimum anxiety and guilt (Henry Murray: Personology). According to Murray there are two types of Needs: Viscerogenic (internal source) and Psychogenic needs (external source or press).Needs are arranged according to their hierarchy of strength. The strongest of the needs are called Prepotent needs. If needed needs will combine to achieve the same goal. Needs can conflict with one another. According to Murray needs are based on internal influences on behavior. External behaviors are called press. There is an Alpha press and a Beta press. The Alpha Press is the objective characteristic of an object in that environment in comparison with Beta press which is a persons evaluation and perception of that object. Viscerogenic needs include lacks(leading to intakes), Inspiration(of oxygen), food, water, sex lactation, expiration, urination, defecation, sentience(sensuous impressions), distensions(leading to outputs), harms(leading to retractions), noxavoidance, heat and cold avoidance, and harmShow MoreRelatedEssay on Henry A. Murray: Persono logy1888 Words   |  8 Pages Henry A. Murray: Personology nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Personology is the science of people. It is used to interpret and organize the lives of humans. The central ideas of the science must be to â€Å"understanding of what we mean by the concept â€Å"person,† and for development of methods of understanding the lives of persons as the â€Å"long unit for psychology†Ã¢â‚¬  (Barresi amp; Juckes 1988 pg 1). It is important to take accounts when studying personology from first person perspective instead of a thirdRead MoreMaslows and Murrays theories1064 Words   |  5 Pageselement cannot be separated from its system in order to study it. Two of the organismic theorists have developed theories to understand humans’ psychological developments through their needs: Abraham Maslow, with his hierarchy of needs theory; and Henry Murray, and his psychogenic needs theory. They both focused on developing their theories to understand human personality and its development. However dissimilarities are fo und between the two theories, they both share the concept of having steps of developmentsRead MoreEssay about Comparison and Contrast of Maslow and Murray1912 Words   |  8 PagesOrganismic theorists Abraham Maslow and Henry Murray tried to define the psychological developmental growth of humans via their theories of Hierarchy of Needs and Psychogenic Needs, respectively. Although each personality theorist’s idea attempts to define human psychological development there are quite a few dissimilarities between the two concepts; however, as much dissimilarity that may exist between the hierarchy of needs and psychogenic needs, both Maslow and Murray endeavored towards the same goal:Read MorePsychology : Your Super Ego 1092 Words   |  5 PagesConscientiousness is linked to higher GPA, religious faith, quality friendships, and dressing neatly. A recent study showed that more conscientious adolescents to experience stress. Personology and life story perspectives believe that in order to understand a person we must focus on their whole life story. Henry Murray believed that we must study the whole person in order to understand them. He believed we all have unique life experiences that make up our identities. The social cognitive perspective

Dbq Analysis Free Essays

* ————————————————- Madison Markey * ————————————————- AP US History, P. 2 * ————————————————- 30 September 2012 * ————————————————- DBQ Homework #1 * ————————————————- * ————————————————- Question Analysis: The question is asking to explain how the French and Indian War affected the three main principles that were important during the time frame of 1740-1766. The writer could include both positive and negative sides of the war through each of the three categories. We will write a custom essay sample on Dbq Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now They could also list the causes and effects of the war. The question is also asking to highlight/paraphrase the provided documents as well as outside facts to support the well developed thesis. The question is telling the writer to describe the outcome of the relationship between Britain and it’s American colonies through the political, economic, and ideological relations. A potential problem could be forgetting to include the outcome of the war while strictly focusing on the issues and battles during the war. Another problem could be discluding the events preceding the war which is extremely vital, not only for support of thesis, but also to lay down an array of background information in the intro paragraph, in order to create the funnel affect. * ————————————————- * ————————————————- Intro: Before the French and Indian War, four other colonial wars were fought between French and British forces during the time period of 1689 and 1763. However, the French and Indian War, later known as the Seven Year’s War was the most pivotal because it ultimately destroyed the relationship between Britain and the American colonies. The main conflict aroused during the 1600’s and early 1700’s when the British began their pursuit of Salutary Neglect which provided each of Britain’s American colonies with an overabundance of freedom. Later, Britain tried to regulate the colonists lifestyle and trade routine with the Navigation Law yet, they never truly administered any of the correlating rules. The colonists enjoyed the lack of limitation midst the Salutary Neglect and when Britain began imposing laws and taxes, it infuriated them. From 1740-1766, amid the French Indian War, Britain’s greed for land, control, and restriction against the American colonies eventually caused major debt in England, harsh treatment toward their own British soldiers, and a negative aftermath of political, economic, and ideological crisis involving the American colonists * ————————————————- * ————————————————- Essay #1: The first sample essay completely deserves their score. The introduction paragraph supplies a nice background and setting. The thesis is very strong and clear. It provides a specific example of each of the three categories from the prompt. There is nothing that I would not include in this essay because everything is relevant to the topic. For the intro, they organized it by utilizing the funnel method. In the first sentence of each body paragraph, she refers back to a piece of her thesis. The anonymous states the opinion of both sides: Britain and the American colonies. She provides each of their perspectives while including her own opinion. She includes the documents by lightly referencing them and not incorporating too much of the source or not enough. While effectively utilizing the documents, anonymous fully supports the detail with her own information. Other information involving the church and state relationship could have been included because as the war progressed, the Great Awakening occurred and because of political and religious leaders, the separation of church and state was desired in many of the colonies. The anonymous restated the reference that they already used and they made the simple mistake of writing document C when it was actually a different document. Besides that, there is not much more I would have included because the essay was close to perfect and the anon completely nailed the prompt right down to a nice conclusion. Hence, the writer deserves the score of a 9. * ————————————————- * ————————————————- Essay#2: In the opening sentence, anonymous wrote that there were exactly three wars fought between the British and their rival French forces yet, there were actually a total of four wars fought. The introduction paragraph does not provide a well-developed thesis. It is very vague and unclear however, it does address the prompt. The parenthesis that they use within the first body paragraph do not fit well and they appear awkward but they do not interfere with comprehension of the essay. They provide a decent setting but not enough detail about specific events that precede the war in order to spark the war. Next, anonymous squeezes three different documents into one small paragraph with about five sentences. They should have spaced out the sources and actually explained the documents to show their understanding of the point of view and the significance. They did attempt to organize it by specifically talking about the economic aspect and how it affected the political and ideological aspects together. They begin a sentence by using a reference which I would not have included because it sounded like the paragraph was being written around the document. I would have started with a topic sentence to build up to the reference. They include a lot of minor and superficial events which are irrelevant therefore, unnecessary to include. However they do attempt to mention that of the three categories, ideological relations were the least important which is a nice way to include the category. Overall, I believe the essay deserves a little under a seven. * ————————————————- * ————————————————- Essay#3 The intro in the third essay does not include much background preceding the thesis. It strictly states that â€Å"the war had great effects† on each of the three categories it does not say whether they were positive or negative effects. The thesis is limited and poorly written and only restates the question without any other specific facts or examples. I would not have included so many [sic] symbols in my prompt because they interrupt the flow of the essay. The essay resembles a standard english essay because it is organized with an introduction, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Each body paragraph is about one of the three categories from the thesis. In the political paragraph anonymous states very broad information and fails to cite the information about Braddock or any information at all. She contains little understanding of the documents and merely tells what events happened in each of the paragraphs but does not describe them with appropriate outside information. She also fails to include a time frame and dates for the events. In the economy paragraph she talked about unity yet failed to mention the severe debt that britain faced which was a huge economic crisis. Anonymous should have thought of the questions such as why and how while she was writing. They could have arranged their essay a little differently instead of organizing it so that with each new category comes a different time period they should have just put the events in chronological order and wrote about how it affected each of the three categories during and after the was. Anonymous also had a few conventional errors such as commas. They also use first person point of view in the third to last sentence of the third paragraph. The third paragraph is confusing and presents a lack of understanding of history because it just lists vague facts. It does not include a lead-in or transition to the conclusion. The anonymous nearly ignored the documents and failed to include 50/50 ratio. The conclusion simply restates the thesis and ends with an unspecific sentence of how the war caused change but they never argued whether it was for the worse or the better. Nor did they summarize their essay or show the reader they know that there is additional significance. In my opinion, the errors in the third essay seriously detract from the quality of the prompt ergo, the essay does deserves less than a five. ————————————————- * ————————————————- By reading the essays, I learned that mistakes are easily made when writing in a constricted time period so it is important to utilize the given time wisely. I found that some of the documents are probably tough to use but it is important to have a 50%-50% ratio of information because that is what truly proves your knowledge of history and sometimes the documents will help you recall information. Also, one should always cite the document because it looks and sounds horrible if otherwise. I learned that all information must go toward improving the case or it should not be included. Lastly, I found that developing a thesis is not that hard especially if you take a moment to analyze the question but it could ruin your entire essay if you get on the wrong track and it is extremely vital in determining the score that you end up with. I now understand that by following the strategies in the book and practicing more often, writing a DBQ will begin to come natural. * ————————————————- * ————————————————- * ————————————————- How to cite Dbq Analysis, Essay examples

Mike Tyson the Iron Life Essay Example

Mike Tyson the Iron Life Essay Chris Torres Mr. Breen History-1945 The Life of â€Å"Iron† Mike Tyson What do you think it takes to be called â€Å"Iron† Mike Tyson? What kind of experiences do you have to go through before you are labeled as the â€Å"Baddest Man on the planet†? What people don’t understand is the life style and background in which Mike Tyson grew up in. The surroundings meaning the streets, the gangs and the era of drugs kicked in and kicked in enough that teens were aware of what was on the streets and how to get it. Every person is different and no matter what the case is if you don’t have the proper parenting and descent area to live in then chances of you engaging in crimes are very high. Mike Tyson got lucky with the talent that he had but if not found and trained the way he was then he would have committed worse acts than the ones committed to this day. He made the best out of his talents but it goes to show you that money, fame and your athletic abilities won’t hide where you came from and the life you once lived not too long ago. We will write a custom essay sample on Mike Tyson the Iron Life specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mike Tyson the Iron Life specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mike Tyson the Iron Life specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Mike Gerard Tyson was born of June 30th, 1966 in Brooklyn, New York from the parents of Jimmy Kirkpatrick and Lorna Tyson. Sadly only after two years together Mikes Father decided it was too much for him to handle and left his mother with little Mike. Mikes mother didn’t have a lot of riches. It was hard for her to come up with money so they moved to a town in Brownsville, New York where unfortunately was known for their high crime rate. Mike was a very shy small kid. He also was the target of bullying from older kids and other distractions around the way. To add insult to injury Mike began developing his own style of street fighting. Building his experience of being a criminal, the mentality is what drives you to continue committing crimes. Once you have felt that feeling even when you get rid of that criminal feeling it will still be in the back of your mind waiting for another chance to take over. Gang banging is a parent’s worst nightmare. Not knowing right from wrong and the lack of discipline was the problem with Mike. Lacking a father figure hurts emotionally and mentally. Mike joined a gang around his neighborhood called the Jolly Stompers. A name with the ability to speak for itself, kids that enjoying committing crime. Committing robberies with the older members and giving mike assignments like cleaning out the cash register when victims are held at gun point. A kid doing this at an age you would be never guess, 11. This was a kid that often ran in contact with the police over his small petty criminal activities and by the age of 13 Mike was arrested an astounding 30 times. Mike Tyson’s horrible behavior gave him a boot out of his public school and into a reform school in upstate New York. Although it was a tough time for Mike something great came out of leaving the school in where he came from. Mike met a counselor by the name of Bob Stewart who had previously been an amateur boxing champion. Mike made a decision which could have been the turning point of his life by asking Bob if he could train him how to use his fist but with every offer comes a sacrifice. Mike would have to stay out of trouble and do better in school. Two things that are expected out of kids that go to school. Mike did so and was determined to learn it all when it comes to the boxing life. There was one other man by the name of Constantine â€Å"Cus† D’Amato who was a legendary boxing manager. DAmato was known for taking personal interest in promising fighters and he immediately recognized Tysons ambition to be a heavyweight contender, telling him, If you want to stay here, and if you want to listen, you could be the world heavyweight champion someday. (Mike Tysons Biography) Tyson agreed to stay. Constantine not only was his manager but also turned into this father figure that he never had. Cus took Mike under his wing and made sure to his best ability that he would succeed and be one of the best ever. It was around the early 80’s when Mike had entered into DAmatos full-time custody finally someone else than his mother cared about the fatherless kid. But 2 years later in 1982 Mike Tyson’s life would take a turn for the worst when his mother pasted away. A feeling no person wants to go through but has to at one point. One of the greatest debuts in boxing history came when the much anticipated Mike Tyson went against the strong and experienced Hector Mercedes. A quick one and done in the 1st round gave him his 1st hit and the image of an experienced champion. With the help of his two trainers and his work ethic in and out of the boxing ring gave Mike possibly felt the best he has ever felt in a while. This gave Tyson the ability to level his opponents quick in the 1st round, and that earned him the nickname Iron Mike. On November 4, 1985, DAmato died of pneumonia. Tyson was heavily hit by the death of the man he considered his blood father. Boxing trainer Kevin Rooney took over DAmatos coaching duties and less than two weeks later, Tyson continued on the path that DAmato had laid out for him. It goes to show you that guidance and support from people you love and love you back helps you move on to the next obstacle in your life regardless if they are there physically or emotionally. Tyson never fully recovered from the loss and many around the world blamed that to the boxers future behavior problems With the record of a true champion but no titles yet came an opportunity to flip that around. 22-0 with 21 knockouts gave him a title shot against Trevor Berbick for the World Boxing Council heavyweight championship. Tyson knocked out Berbick in the 2nd round making him the new WBC heavyweight champion. Also making him the youngest heavyweight champion of all time, Mike Tyson also gained to more belts and quickly gaining the respect of many. With fame did come some negative distractions to Tyson’s career. Tyson’s life from childhood delinquency to boxing champ put him in the center of the spotlight were most people don’t know how to handle the pressure. Mike became partying harder than ever and hanging with Hollywood stars that he didn’t belong with. Slowly after life as a superstar kicked in everything started to go sour for mike in the worst way. June 1988 both his wife and his manager wanted out of Mikes life as well wanted in on Mike’s money. Mike behavior got worse and worse after getting into street brawls and nearly killing himself by committing suicide trying to crash into the late D’Amato’s home. His family life was getting to the point of no return after his marriage being called â€Å"Pure Hell† by his wife Givens. You would think that one would learn their lesson but mike came back to criminal acts to later be sued by two women after being grabbed and insulted by Tyson. February 11, 1990 a date never to remember if you are a fan of Iron Mike Tyson. His first lose also his first time ever being knocked out by an underdog boxer named Buster Douglas. This fight changed the boxing world and stirred up so much noise about the loss but Mike still had other issues he had to deal with as well. More trouble came after Mike had also lost another fight not in the ring but in the court the day of November 1, 1990 several months after his 1st lose in his career. Mike Tyson was found guilty for both his incidents in his bathroom incident in 88’ and then soon in 91’ when e was accused of raping a Miss Black American contestant. Mike Tyson was ordered to jail for 6 years due to the law of Indiana it also had to be effective as soon as possible. The death of his father didn’t really faze Mike Tyson nor did he really care to take a leave from prison to take part at the funeral. It shows how much hate and disappointment Mike has from that event al one. He is a man of his own and everything he learned was from his own mind due to the fact that his whole life was a mission to find who he really is. He never really gave himself the chance to change because of all the events that occurred during the process of his life expanding. After six years of marriage, second wife Monica Turner filed for divorce  in 2003, on grounds of adultery. That same year, he also filed for bankruptcy after his exorbitant spending, multiple trials, and bad investments caught up with him. Tysons hard-partying ways caught up with him again in late 2006. Tyson was arrested in Scottsdale, Arizona, after almost crashing into a police cruiser. Mike was suspected of driving while intoxicated. Soon after that assumption police pulled Tyson over and searched his car. During the search police discovered cocaine throughout the vehicle. On September 24, 2007, Mike Tyson pleaded guilty to possession of narcotics and driving under the influence. So much of Mike Tyson’s life has been taken away due to the fame and fortune but also from all the bad decisions he made as well. You can’t always get what you want and I feel as if he didn’t act the way he did during every incident he would be fine to this day. Tysons life seemed to mellow over the next few years, and the boxer began seeking sobriety by attending (AANA) Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous meetings. But in 2009, Tyson was dealt another blow when his four-year-old daughter, Exodus, accidentally strangled herself on a treadmill cord in her mothers Phoenix home. The tragedy  was yet another dark period in Tysons troubled life I want to leave you with a quote said by Mike Tyson that is real and from the heart. Something said due to experience and growth with life aging away from him so quick. The quote goes (Bad Intentions, The Mike Tyson Story) My whole life has been a waste Ive been a failure. I just want to escape. Im really embarrassed with myself and my life. I want to be a missionary. I think I could do that while keeping my dignity without letting people know they chased me out of the country. I want to get this part of my life over as soon as possible. In this country nothing good is going to come of me. People put me so high; I wanted to tear that image down.